The Pity of It All: A Portrait of Jews In Germany, 1743–1933 is a 2002 book by Amos Elon. Here is an insightful review of Elon’s book in The Guardian in English, and here is a review in German in the Frankfurt Allgemeine Zeitung. Here is a poignant article about Amos Elon, a Viennese-born, Israeli journalist, written by Tony Judt in 2009, just after Elon died.